0-torus.org

torus

A torus is a doughnut-shaped surface. People picture a ring you could swim through, or the shape of a bagel or an inner tube.

What a model may hear

compact Lie group algebraic topology and geometry
assume the user means the product of circles, often with dimension or rank implied by context
network topology distributed systems and parallel computing
route messages or place nodes on a wrap-around grid, expecting coordinates and neighbor rules
algebraic torus algebraic geometry and number theory
expect equations over fields, possibly involving character groups or Galois actions
flat torus Riemannian geometry
assume a quotient of Euclidean space by a lattice, with flat metric and periodic boundary conditions

Where people and models part ways

“draw me a torus”

Meant: a 3D doughnut shape

May be taken as: render a flat torus, a wireframe lattice, or a group diagram with no visual form

Say instead: “draw a 3D doughnut-shaped surface”

“connect the nodes in a torus”

Meant: a ring-like network

May be taken as: build a multi-dimensional wrap-around mesh with complex routing

Say instead: “connect the nodes in a ring network with wrap-around links”

“the torus has a hole”

Meant: one visible hole in a doughnut

May be taken as: discuss genus-one topology or fundamental groups

Say instead: “the doughnut shape has one hole through the middle”

Tips

Often confused with

toroid
any doughnut-like shape, not necessarily a surface of revolution
annulus
a flat ring, not a 3D solid
cylinder
no wrap-around, two open ends
Klein bottle
one-sided, non-orientable cousin
genus
a count of holes, not the shape itself
mesh
any connected grid, not necessarily wrap-around